أختبار الأمن السيبراني 1

1

ماهو Ransomeware؟

A malware that restrict access to a computerand demands that a ransom be paid.

Encrypts files on a system and then leaves them unusableeither permanently acting as a denial of service, or temporarilyuntil a ransom is paid, making it ransomware.

Malicious software, like a virus, but is able to replicate itselfwithout user interaction

2

ماهو Trojan Horse؟

Malicious code that runs on a machine without theuser’s knowledge and infects the computer whenexecuted

Software designed to infiltrate a computer systemand possibly damage it without the user’s knowledgeor consent.

Malicious software that is disguised as a piece of harmless ordesirable software

3

ماهي آلية عمل Trojan Horse؟

تجسس على الضحية

يساعد على سماح لدخول لغير مصرح على جهاز الضحية

تشفير الملفات

4

ماهو Logic Bomb؟

A piece of software that performs some task, under the controlof another program.

Malware that secretly gathers information about the userwithout their consent

Software designed to gain administrative level control over asystem without detection

A piece of code that sits dormant for a period of time untilsome event or date invokes its malicious payload

5

هل سهل أكتشاف Logic Bomb و معرفته؟

صحيح وسهل أكتشافة

لا غير صحيح وصعب أكتشافة

6

ماهو Backdoor؟

بوابة خلفية !

يتم أنشاءه عن طريق ثغرات أو trojan ليتم سماح المخترقين بالدخول على الضحية.

نوع من أنواع الخدمات

7

ماهو Social Engineering؟

محاولة المخترق أرسال ملفات ملغمة!

محادثات بين المخترق والضحية !

محاولة المخترق بأقناع و خداع الضحيه لحصول على معلومات أكثر

8

ماهو تعريف Tailgating (piggybacking)؟

Impersonation is simply a method in which someone assumesthe character or appearance of someone else

Digging through a company’s trash bins

following closely behind someone who has authorized physicalaccess within an environment.

9

ماهو Impersonation؟

ألانتحال شخصية ألاخرين او مدراء الشركة!

نشر أشاعات

النظر معلومات من خلف الشخص

10

ماهو فرق بين Dos و DDOS ؟

Dos بالعاده يتم عمل هجمات على السيرفر من قبل شخص , DDOS يتم عمل هجمات على السيرفر في اكثر من جهاز يسمى Zombie

DOS يتم عمل هجمات على السيرفر اكثر من جهاز يسمى Zombie و dos يتم عمل هجمات على السيرفر من قبل شخص

11

ماهو Man in the middle؟

The attacker sends (ICMP) ping packets to the broadcastaddress of the network, replacing the original source addressin the ping packets with the source address of the victim.

A Trojan Horse or similar malware to gain importantinformation from users of websites, especially banking andcredit card information

An attacker intercepts traffic and then tricks the parties atboth ends into believing that they are communicating witheach other

12

ماهو Dictinoary؟

The basic intention of an attacker is to break a cryptosystem and to findthe plaintext from the ciphertext.

The password-cracking program attempts allpossible password combinations.

A password-cracking program that uses a list of dictionary words to try toguess the password.

13

ماهو Hacktivists؟

Group of professional do criminal activity in the internet world like: Fraud, extortion, theft, embezzlement.

When hackers work together for a collectivist effort, typically on behalf ofsome cause.

Script kiddies use tools without any knowledge

14

ماهو Nation States /APT؟

Those actors are government sponsored, although those tiesmight not always be acknowledged.

When hackers work together for a collectivist effort, typically on behalf of some cause,

Group of professional do criminal activity in the internet world like: Fraud,extortion, theft, embezzlement.

15

ماهو Port Security؟

Enables individual switch ports to be configured toallow only a specified number of source MAC addressesto come in through the port.

A Server or an application sits between the users andthe external network.

A device or application that analyzes whole packets,both header and payload, looking for known events

16

ماهو proxy؟

Enables individual switch ports to be configured toallow only a specified number of source MAC addressesto come in through the port.

A Server or an application sits between the users andthe external network.

A set of protocols that provides security for InternetProtocol

17

ماهو Forward Proxy؟

Users thinks the responsecoming directly from the server.(To protect the internal servers)

Destination server thinks therequests coming from theproxy (to protect the internalusers)

18

ماهو Reverse proxy؟

Users thinks the responsecoming directly from the server.(To protect the internal servers)

Destination server thinks therequests coming from theproxy (to protect the internalusers)

19

ماهو Load Blanacer؟

a device that acts as a reverse proxyand distributes network or application traffic across anumber of Servers

A Server or an application sits between the users andthe external network.

Collecting of information in a central placein a common format, to facilitate analysisand decision making.

20

ماهو Active-Passive Load Balancing?

First load balancer is activelydoing the balancing while thesecondary load balancerpassively observes and isready to step in at any timethe primary system fails.

All the load balancers areactive, sharing the loadbalancing duties. Active-active load balancing canhave performanceefficiencies

21

ماهو Active-Active Load Balancing?

First load balancer is activelydoing the balancing while thesecondary load balancerpassively observes and isready to step in at any timethe primary system fails.

All the load balancers areactive, sharing the loadbalancing duties. Active-active load balancing canhave performanceefficiencies

22

ماهو Network Access Control (NAC) ؟

technology can scan packets for specific data patterns.Secrets, specific markers, or files

a set of rules and the use ofanalytical engines to identify specific predetermined patternsand either issue an alert or react to them

it can protect the network from malicious machine by policyenforcement that helps ensure that computers are connectedonly after they properly configured.

23

ماهو Honypot؟

A software that detects, prevents, and removes any malware from acomputer.

A tool computes a hash value SHA-1 or MD5 for all selected files and creates adatabase of the hashes.

a server that is designed to act like the real server ona corporate network, but rather than having the real data, the datait possesses is fake.

24

ماهو Web application firewall (WAF) ?

Hardware firewall for HTTP that applies a set of rules to an HTTP conversation.

describes network solutions that integrates the capabilities of several securityproducts into one all-inclusive security console.

A software that detects, prevents, and removes any malware from acomputer.

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